International Import and Export Air Freight Process Guide

1. Core Air Freight Process Analysis

International air freight is the preferred choice for transporting high-value and urgent goods globally due to its efficiency and reliability. The process is divided into export and import operations, both requiring strict compliance with international logistics regulations and customs requirements. Below is a detailed breakdown:

Export Air Freight Process

1. Inquiry and Booking

   • Shippers provide cargo details (description, weight, dimensions, origin/destination airports, and ready time) to freight forwarders, who offer airline quotations and logistics solutions.
   • Key note: Air freight charges are calculated based on volumetric weight (volume × 167 kg/m³) or actual weight, whichever is higher.

2. Cargo Preparation and Space Reservation

   • Freight forwarders book airline cargo space and notify shippers to deliver goods or arrange pickup.
   • Cargo must be packaged according to standards and labeled (airline tags, handling labels, and safety markings).

3. Customs Clearance and Documentation

   • Submit export documents (commercial invoice, packing list, contract, etc.) to customs via authorized agents.
   • Special cargo (e.g., hazardous materials, batteries) requires additional certifications (e.g., MSDS, UN38.3 test reports).

4. Loading and Transportation

   • After security checks and weighing, goods are loaded onto flights based on airline manifests.
   • Freight forwarders track shipments in real time and share air waybill (AWB) numbers and flight updates.

5. Payment Settlement

   • Freight costs can be prepaid (paid at origin) or collect (paid at destination), confirmed in advance.

Import Air Freight Process

1. Destination Customs Clearance

   • Submit import documents (AWB, invoice, import license) and pay duties/taxes to release goods.
   • Note: An AWB is not a title document; consignees can claim goods with valid identification.

2. Cargo Pickup and Delivery

   • After clearance, collect goods from the airport or arrange last-mile delivery through a freight forwarder.

3. Exception Handling

   • File claims with airlines or forwarders for damaged or lost cargo within stipulated timelines.

Key Considerations

1. Balancing Speed and Cost

   • Direct flights are faster but costly; transshipments reduce costs but extend transit time.
   • Prioritize air freight for urgent/high-value goods; use sea/land for bulk/low-value shipments.

2. Documentation Accuracy

   • Use precise cargo descriptions (e.g., "35mm exposed film rolls") to avoid customs delays.

3. Restricted Goods Compliance

   • Hazardous materials, liquids, and powders must comply with IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR).